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GAD65 Antibody- Mouse Anti-GAD65
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD) catalyzes the conversion of L glutamate to g-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, and a putative paracrine signal molecule in pancreatic islets. GAD has a restricted tissue distribution. It is highly expressed in the cytoplasm of GABAergic neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) and pancreatic beta cells. It is also present in other non-neuronal tissues such as testis, oviduct and ovary. GAD is also transiently expressed in non-GABAergic cells of the embryonic and adult nervous system, suggesting its involvement in development and plasticity. GAD exists as two isoforms, GAD65 and GAD67 (molecular masses of 65 and 67 kD, respectively) that are encoded by two different genes. GAD65 is an ampiphilic, membraneanchored protein, (585 amino acid residues) and is encoded on human chromosome 10. GAD67 is a cytoplasmic protein (594 amino acid residues) and is encoded on chromosome 2. There is 64% amino acid identity between the two isoforms, with the highest diversity located at the N terminus, which in GAD65 is required for targeting the enzyme to GABA-containing secretory vesicles. The two isoforms appear to have distinct intraneuronal distribution in the brain. GAD65 has been identified as an autoantigen in insulindependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and stiff-man syndrome (SMS), IDDM is an autoimmune disease that results from T cell mediated destruction of pancreatic insulin-secreting beta cells. Islet-reactive T cells and antibodies primarily to GAD65 (also named beta cell autoantigen) can be detected in peripheral blood of 80% of recent-onset IDD patients and in pre-diabetic high-risk subjects before onset of clinical symptoms. This suggests that GAD may be an important marker in the early stages of the disease. Also, autoantibodies to GAD65 and GAD67 are detected in animal models of IDDM, including the non-obese diabetes (NOD) mouse. In the NOD mouse, T cell reactivity is initially restricted to the C terminal regions of GAD65, but later spreads to other parts of GAD65. Stiff-man syndrome (SMS), a rare disorder of the CNS, is characterized by progressive rigidity of the body musculature with painful spasms, due to impairment of the GABAergic neurotransmission. High-titer autoantibodies directed against GAD 65 and GABAergic neurons (nerve terminals) have been detected in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in 60% of patients with the syndrome. Strikingly, many of the SMS patients also developed late-onset IDDM.
£226.00
Glutathione S-transferase (GST) antibody ; Mouse Anti-Glutathione S-transferase (GST)
GST (Glutathione S-Transferase) is a 26kDa protein encoded by the parasitic helminth Schistosoma japonicum and widely used in the pGEX family of GST plasmid expression vectors as a fusion protein with foreign proteins
£226.00
HDAC3 Antibody ; Mouse Anti-HDAC3
Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Probably participates in the regulation of transcription through its binding to the zinc-finger transcription factor YY1; increases YY1 repression activity. Required to repress transcription of the POU1F1 transcription factor. Acts as a molecular chaperone for shuttling phosphorylated NR2C1 to PML bodies for sumoylation
£226.00
NQO1 Antibody- Mouse Anti-NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1
This gene is a member of the NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone) family and encodes a cytoplasmic 2-electron reductase This FAD-binding protein forms homodimers and reduces quinones to hydroquinones This proteins enzymatic activity prevents the one electron reduction of quinones that results in the production of radical species Mutations in this gene have been associated with tardive dyskinesia (TD) an increased risk of hematotoxicity after exposure to benzene and susceptibility to various forms of cancer Altered expression of this protein has been seen in many tumors and is also associated with Alzheimers disease (AD) Alternate transcriptional splice variants encoding different isoforms have been characterized
£226.00
NQO1 Antibody- Mouse Anti-NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1
This gene (NQO1) is a member of the NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone) family and encodes a cytoplasmic 2-electron reductase This FAD-binding protein forms homodimers and reduces quinones to hydroquinones This proteins enzymatic activity prevents the one electron reduction of quinones that results in the production of radical species Mutations in this gene have been associated with tardive dyskinesia (TD) an increased risk of hematotoxicity after exposure to benzene and susceptibility to various forms of cancer Altered expression of this protein has been seen in many tumors and is also associated with Alzheimers disease (AD) Alternate transcriptional splice variants encoding different isoforms have been characterized
£183.00
