Scientists have been researching cell metabolism for some decades and this is an important topic in cancer, as cancer cells seem to use energy differently from normal cells.
The study of cancer metabolism started in the 1940s, when Otto Warburg found that rapidly dividing cancer cells didn’t consume oxygen in the same way as rapidly dividing normal cells.
Nearly 10 years ago, the scientific establishment believed cancer was caused by a dysfunction of metabolism, but the idea soon became unpopular. Now, scientists are again looking at metabolism and its role in cancer and other common diseases. Metabolism is a connected network of reactions that are arranged in parallel and interact with each other in different pathways. Such parallelism can mask how genes are linked with disease traits and make it difficult to treat conditions.
Cancer cells have different metabolic requirements from their normal counterparts. Understanding the consequences of this differential metabolism requires a detailed understanding of glucose metabolism and its relation to energy production in cancer cells.
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3D1.1 Antibody (Parathyroid hormone like protein) - Mouse Anti PTHLH
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the parathyroid hormone family. This hormone regulates endochondral bone development and epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during the formation of the mammary glands and teeth. This hormone is involved in lactation possibly by regulating the mobilization and transfer of calcium to the milk. The receptor of this hormone, PTHR1, is responsible for most cases of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. Four alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding two distinct isoforms have been observed. There is also evidence for alternative translation initiation from non-AUG (CUG and GUG) start sites, in-frame and downstream of the initiator AUG codon, to give rise to nuclear forms of this hormone
£226.00
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) N-Terminal Antibody - Mouse Anti-Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) N-Terminal
ACTH occurs in cells of the anterior pituitary and in neurons in brain. It regulates the corticosteroid production in the adrenal cortex. Beta endorphin and Met enkephalin are endogenous opiates. MSH (melanocyte stimulating hormone) increases the pigmentation of skin by increasing melanin production in melanocytes
£226.00
Apolipoprotein E4 Antibody ; Mouse Anti-Apolipoprotein E4
Apolipoprotein E, a main apoprotein of the chylomicron, binds to a specific receptor on liver cells and peripheral cells and is essential for the normal catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein constituents.ApoE exists in three major isoforms; E2, E3, and E4, which differ from one another by a single amino-acid substitution. Individuals heterozygous for the ApoE4 allele are at higher risk of late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Defects in apolipoprotein E result in familial dysbetalipoproteinemia, or type III hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP III), in which increased levels of plasma cholesterol and triglycerides are the consequence of impaired clearance of chylomicron and VLDL remnants
£226.00
Aurora B Antibody - Sheep Anti- Aurora B 0.2ml
Aurora B is a mitotic protein kinase that phosphorylates histone H3 (probably on Serine 10) behaves as a chromosomal passenger protein and may regulate several stages of mitosis such as centrosome separation chromosome segregation and cytokinesis It localizes to the inner centromere region from prophase to anaphase
£226.00
BUB1 Antibody - Mouse (monoclonal) Anti-BUB1 0.1ml
Bub1 is a kinase involved in spindle checkpoint function The kinase functions in part by phosphorylating a member of the miotic checkpoint complex and activating the spindle checkpoint Mutations in Bub1 have been associated with aneuploidy and several forms of cancer
£226.00
BUB1 Antibody - Mouse Anti-BUB1 50ul
Bub1 is a kinase involved in spindle checkpoint function The kinase functions in part by phosphorylating a member of the miotic checkpoint complex and activating the spindle checkpoint Mutations in Bub1 have been associated with aneuploidy and several forms of cancer
£183.00
Cytokeratin (keratin) K13 Antibody (AE8) - Mouse Anti-Cytokeratin (keratin) K13, AE8 0.1ml
Cytokeratin 13 is a member of the keratin gene family The keratins are intermediate filament proteins responsible for the structural integrity of epithelial cells and are subdivided into cytokeratins and hair keratins Most of the type I cytokeratins consist of acidic proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains This type I cytokeratin is paired with keratin 4 and expressed in the suprabasal layers of non-cornified stratified epithelia Mutations in this gene and keratin 4 have been associated with the autosomal dominant disorder White Sponge Nevus This antibody is specific for Cytokeratin 13 which is a marker for oesophageal type differentiation which is expressed by various internal stratified epithelia
£226.00
EPCAM; CD326 Antibody- Rat Anti-EPCAM
Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM) is a 40 kDa cell surface antigen. This antigen has been identified independently by a number of groups, and has been known by a variety of names. Several monoclonal antibodies have been raised against EpCAM, many of which have been described as tumour specific molecules on carcinomas. EpCAM is a Type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein. It is expressed on the basolateral membrane of cells by the majority of epithelial tissues, with the exception of adult squamous epithelium and some specific epithelial cell types including hepatocytes and gastric epithelial cells. EpCAM expression has been reported to be a possible marker of early malignancy, with expression being increased in tumour cells, and de novo expression being seen in dysplastic squamous epithelium
£226.00
FNIP1 folliculin interacting protein 1 Antibody- Rabbit Anti-FNIP1
Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome, a hamartoma disorder characterized by benign tumors of the hair follicle, lung cysts, and renal neoplasia, is caused by germ-line mutations in the BHD(FLCN) gene, which encodes a tumor-suppressor protein, folliculin (FLCN), with unknown function. The tumor-suppressor proteins encoded by genes responsible for several other hamartoma syndromes, LKB1, TSC1/2, and PTEN, have been shown to be involved in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway
£226.00
HCG beta Antibody- Mouse anti-HCG beta
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a glycoprotein hormone produced by trophoblastic cells of the placenta beginning 10 to 12 days after conception. Maintenance of the fetus in the first trimester of pregnancy requires the production of hCG, which binds to the corpus luteum of the ovary which is stimulated to produce progesterone which in turn maintains the secretory endometrium. The unique beta chain confers biological specificity to thyrotropin, lutropin, follitropin and gonadotropin. hCG acts to maintain the corpus luteum until the developing placenta is able to produce the required levels of oestrogen and progesterone.
£226.00
HDAC3 Antibody ; Mouse Anti-HDAC3
Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Probably participates in the regulation of transcription through its binding to the zinc-finger transcription factor YY1; increases YY1 repression activity. Required to repress transcription of the POU1F1 transcription factor. Acts as a molecular chaperone for shuttling phosphorylated NR2C1 to PML bodies for sumoylation
£226.00
hnRNP-A2/B1 Antibody- Mouse Anti-hnRNP-A2/B1
This gene belongs to the A/B subfamily of ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) The hnRNPs are RNA binding proteins and they complex with heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) These proteins are associated with pre-mRNAs in the nucleus and appear to influence pre-mRNA processing and other aspects of mRNA metabolism and transport While all of the hnRNPs are present in the nucleus some seem to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm The hnRNP proteins have distinct nucleic acid binding properties The protein encoded by this gene has two repeats of quasi-RRM domains that bind to RNAs This gene has been described to generate two alternatively spliced transcript variants which encode different isoforms
£226.00
hnRNP-A2/B1Antibody - Mouse Anti-hnRNP-A2/B1
This gene belongs to the A/B subfamily of ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) The hnRNPs are RNA binding proteins and they complex with heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) These proteins are associated with pre-mRNAs in the nucleus and appear to influence pre-mRNA processing and other aspects of mRNA metabolism and transport While all of the hnRNPs are present in the nucleus some seem to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm The hnRNP proteins have distinct nucleic acid binding properties The protein encoded by this gene has two repeats of quasi-RRM domains that bind to RNAs This gene has been described to generate two alternatively spliced transcript variants which encode different isoforms
£183.00
Kallikrein 2 (Hk2) Antibody- Mouse Anti-Kallikrein 2 (Hk2)
Kallikreins (KLKs) are a subgroup of trypsin-like serine proteases and are implicated in carcinogenesis Kallikrein 2 is most closely related to Kallikrein 3 (PSA) with 78 identity and with kallikrein 1 at 68 identity Like Kallikrein 3 Kallikrein 2 is found in greatest abundance in the prostate but at much lower levels than Kallikrein 3 In addition Kallikrein 2 seems to be more labile than Kallikrein 1 or Kallikrein 3 and is often found in a cleaved form Kallikrein 2 is inhibited by Protein C Inhibitor (PCI)
£226.00
Kallikrein 2 (Hk2) Antibody- Mouse Anti-Kallikrein 2 (Hk2)
Kallikreins (KLKs) are a subgroup of trypsin-like serine proteases and are implicated in carcinogenesis Kallikrein 2 is most closely related to Kallikrein 3 (PSA) with 78 identity and with kallikrein 1 at 68 identity Like Kallikrein 3 Kallikrein 2 is found in greatest abundance in the prostate but at much lower levels than Kallikrein 3 In addition Kallikrein 2 seems to be more labile than Kallikrein 1 or Kallikrein 3 and is often found in a cleaved form Kallikrein 2 is inhibited by Protein C Inhibitor (PCI)
£183.00
Lamin A Antibody - Mouse Anti-Lamin A
Nuclear lamins form a network of intermediate-type filaments at the nucleoplasmic site of the nuclear membrane Two main subtypes of nuclear lamins can be distinguished ie A type lamins and B type lamins The A type lamins comprise a set of three proteins arising from the same gene by alternative splicing ie lamin A lamin C and lamin Adel 10 while the B type lamins include two proteins arising from two distinct genes ie lamin B1 and lamin B2 Recent evidence has revealed that mutations in A-type lamins give rise to a range of rare but dominant genetic disorders including Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy dilated cardiomyopathy with conduction-system disease and Dunnigan-type familial partial lipodystrophy In addition the expression of A type lamins coincides with cell differentiation and as A type lamins specifically interact with chromatin a role in the regulation of differential gene expression has been suggested for A type lamins
£183.00
