DNA synthesis or replication is the basic biological process of all living organisms and cellular reproduction. DNA strands encoded into chromosomes and there accompanying book end of telomeres are well indicated in cancer formation. When the enzymatic process enabled by telomerase becomes mistakenly active, leading to excessive cell replication and tumor manifestation.
DNA replication errors, implicated by mutational and other cellular stressors, are normally regulated through processes of proofreading and mismatch repair instigated by DNA polymerase. The wrong nucleotide in the wrong place on the new strand can be corrected during normal processes with a high degree of accuracy (> 99%).
Any remaining errors resulting in incorrect positioning of nucleotides become permanent mutations after the next cell division as the cell regulatory mechanisms now read the change as normal.
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Lamin B1 + B2 Antibody- Mouse Anti-Lamin B1 + B2
Lamins are components of the nuclear lamina, a fibrous layer on the nucleoplasmic side of the inner nuclear membrane, which is thought to provide a framework for the nuclear envelope and may also interact with chromatin.
£226.00
Lamin B1 Antibody- Mouse Anti-Lamin B1
An important part of the nucleus is formed by nuclear lamina Nuclear lamins form a network of filaments at the nucleoplasmic site of the nuclear membrane Two main subtypes of nuclear lamins can be distinguished ie A type lamins and B type lamins The A type lamins comprise a set of three proteins arising from the same gene by alternative splicing ie lamin A lamin C and lamin Adel10 while the B-type lamins include two proteins arising from two distinct genes ie lamin B1 and lamin B2 The nuclear lamins comprise a unique subclass of the intermediate filament protein family They share a molecular domain organisation with the other intermediate filament proteins in that they are fibrous molecules that have an aminoterminal globular head a central rod of alpha helices and a carboxy terminal globular domain Many biochemical and molecular features of lamins have been studied but their functions remain still largely undetermined One of the functions ascribed to the lamina is the maintenance of the structural integrity of the nucleus Besides interactions with the nuclear membrane and other intermediate filaments lamins interact with the nuclear chromatin Eukaryotic chromatin is organised into loops which are attached to the nuclear matrix This organisation is thought to contribute to compaction of the chromatin and regulation of gene expression Lamins as part of the nuclear matrix may be involved in these processes since chromatin binding sites have been detected in both A and B type lamins
£183.00
ORC1 (origin recognition complex 1) Antibody- Rat Anti-ORC1
The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subunits protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA replication in eukaryotic cells Studies in yeast demonstrated that ORC binds specifically to origins of replication and serves as a platform for the assembly of additional initiation factors such as Cdc6 and Mcm proteins The protein encoded by this gene is the largest subunit of the ORC complex While other ORC subunits are stable throughout the cell cycle the levels of this protein vary during the cell cycle which has been shown to be controlled by ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis after initiation of DNA replication This protein is found to be selectively phosphorylated during mitosis It is also reported to interact with MYST histone acetyltransferase 2 (MyST2/HBO1) a protein involved in control of transcription silencing
£183.00
ORC2 (origin recognition complex 2) Antibody- Rat Anti-ORC2
The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subunits protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA replication in eukaryotic cells Studies in yeast demonstrated that ORC binds specifically to origins of replication and serves as a platform for the assembly of additional initiation factors such as Cdc6 and Mcm proteins ORC2L is a subunit of the ORC complex ORC2L forms a core complex with ORC3L 4L and 5L It also interacts with CDC45L and MCM10 which are proteins known to be important for the initiation of DNA replication ORC2L specifically associate with the origin of replication of Epstein Barr virus in human cells and is thought to be required for DNA replication from viral origin of replication
£183.00
ORC3 (origin recognition complex 3) Antibody- Rat Anti-ORC3
The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subunits protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA replication in eukaryotic cells Studies in yeast demonstrated that ORC binds specifically to origins of replication and serves as a platform for the assembly of additional initiation factors such as Cdc6 and Mcm proteins ORC3 is a subunit of the ORC complex Studies of a similar gene in Drosophila suggested a possible role of this protein in neuronal proliferation and olfactory memory
£183.00
ORC6 (origin recognition complex 6) Antibody- Rat Anti-ORC6
The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subunit protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA replication in eukaryotic cells Studies in yeast demonstrated that ORC binds specifically to origins of replication and serves as a platform for the assembly of additional initiation factors such as Cdc6 and Mcm proteins ORC6L is a subunit of the ORC complex It has been shown that ORC6L and and ORC1L are loosely associated with the core complex consisting of ORC2L 3L 4L and 5L Gene silencing studies with small interfering RNA demonstrated that ORC6L plays an essential role in coordinating chromosome replication and segregation with cytokinesis
£183.00
Ran Antibody- Rabbit Anti-Ran
Ran (ras-related nuclear protein) is a small GTP binding protein belonging to the RAS superfamily that is essential for the translocation of RNA and proteins through the nuclear pore complex The Ran protein is also involved in control of DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression Nuclear localization of Ran requires the presence of regulator of chromosome condensation 1 (RCC1) Mutations in Ran disrupt DNA synthesis Because of its many functions it is likely that Ran interacts with several other proteins Ran regulates formation and organization of the microtubule network independently of its role in the nucleus-cytosol exchange of macromolecules Ran could be a key signaling molecule regulating microtubule polymerization during mitosis RCC1 generates a high local concentration of Ran-GTP around chromatin which in turn induces the local nucleation of microtubules Ran is an androgen receptor (AR) coactivator that binds differentially with different lengths of polyglutamine within the androgen receptor Polyglutamine repeat expansion in the AR is linked to Kennedys disease (X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy) Ran coactivation of the AR diminishes with polyglutamine expansion within the AR and this weak coactivation may lead to partial androgen insensitivity during the development of Kennedys disease
£183.00
