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A telomere, which plays an important role in cell division is a DNA sequence at the end region of a chromosome and protects the chromosome from fraying damage or the fusing with nearby chromosomes. Each time a cell divides, DNA unwraps and its information copied but the telomere is not copied. When the cell division process is complete, the DNA reforms and the telomere gets shorter each time this process occurs.

The Hayflick limit is the number of times the duplication can take place before the telomere becomes too short potentially damaging the cell and reproduction thereof.

Recent research finds the presence of alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) can be used diagnostically to identify cancer formation. In some cancers the normal cell shortening process is interrupted by ALT and this can trigger cell proliferation.