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Many RNA’s are key to modifying other RNA’s. Introns (a nucleotide sequence that is removed by a process of RNA splicing to generate mature RNA) are spliced out of the RNA precursor pre-mRNA. This process is important for the correct translation of the genome.

The modification of the pre mRNA is underpinned by three main processes. Firstly 5’ Capping, the addition of a m7G molecule to the 5 end. Secondly by polyadenylation, the formation of the Poly tail structure and finally Splicing, the removal of non-coding segments of the pre RNA structure.