Acetylation is a chemical process that introduces an acetyl group (CH3CO) into another compound. This process is widespread in protein synthesis and translation.
Lysine (Lys or K) is an essential amino acid and key protein building block in the human body. Acetylation is important in the regulation of transcription factors, effector proteins et al.
There is some evidence that the process of acetylation might cross talk with other key cell processes, inter alia, phoshorylation, methylation enabling dynamic cell control and signalling.